Chemical data sheets available in many countries now contain codes for certain "risk phrases",
shown as R23, R45 etc. These risk phrase codes have the following meanings:
R1
Explosive when dry.
R2
Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition.
R3
Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R4
Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds.
R5
Heating may cause an explosion.
R6
Explosive with or without contact with air.
R7
May cause fire.
R8
Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R9
Explosive when mixed with combustible material.
R10
Flammable.
R11
Highly flammable.
R12
Extremely flammable.
R13
Extremely flammable liquefied gas
R14
Reacts violently with water.
R15
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
R16
Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances.
R17
Spontaneously flammable in air.
R18
In use, may form inflammable/explosive vapour-air mixture.
R19
May form explosive peroxides.
R20
Harmful by inhalation.
R21
Harmful in contact with skin.
R22
Harmful if swallowed.
R23
Toxic by inhalation.
R24
Toxic in contact with skin.
R25
Toxic if swallowed.
R26
Very toxic by inhalation.
R27
Very toxic in contact with skin.
R28
Very toxic if swallowed.
R29
Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
R30
Can become highly flammable in use.
R31
Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
R32
Contact with acid liberates very toxic gas.
R33
Danger of cumulative effects.
R34
Causes burns.
R35
Causes severe burns.
R36
Irritating to eyes.
R37
Irritating to respiratory system.
R38
Irritating to skin.
R39
Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
R40
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R41
Risk of serious damage to the eyes.
R42
May cause sensitization by inhalation.
R43
May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R44
Risk of explosion if heated under confinement.
R45
May cause cancer.
R46
May cause heritable genetic damage.
R47
May cause birth defects
R48
Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.
R49
May cause cancer by inhalation.
R50
Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
R51
Toxic to aquatic organisms.
R52
Harmful to aquatic organisms.
R53
May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R54
Toxic to flora.
R55
Toxic to fauna.
R56
Toxic to soil organisms.
R57
Toxic to bees.
R58
May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment.
R59
Dangerous to the ozone layer.
R60
May impair fertility.
R61
May cause harm to the unborn child.
R62
Risk of impaired fertility.
R63
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
R64
May cause harm to breastfed babies.
R65
Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
R66
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
R67
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
R68
Possible risk of irreversible effects.
R20/21:
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.
R20/21/22:
Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R20/22:
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R21/22:
Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R23/24/25:
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R23/25:
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R26/27/28:
: Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R26/28:
Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R36/37:
Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
R36/37/38:
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R36/38:
Irritating to eyes and skin.
R37/38:
Irritating to respiratory system and skin.
R42/43:
May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
R48/22:
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed.
R50/53:
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R51/53:
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R52/53:
Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
